THE INFLUENCE OF THE OCCUPATIONAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE LIFESTYLES OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS: NARRATIVE SYNTHESIS

Abstract

Objectives. The influence of the occupational environment on the lifestyle of healthcare workers needs more attention. The aim is to study and explore the role of occupational environmental factors on health and lifestyle.

Material and methods. An electronic literature search was conducted in open access databases using relevant keywords, broken down into the following steps: (1) establishing the theoretical framework, (2) defining key terms, (3) identifying studies, (4) analyzing criticism of bibliographic sources. Several definitions and terms were used to cover the research area.

Results. Lifestyle as the main protective factor of health – integrates cognitive, emotional and social aspects, which are manifested through behaviors. Lifestyle has an obvious impact on health. The behaviors of medical workers, such as smoking, alcohol abuse, sedentary lifestyle, unbalanced diet, are largely conditioned by the factors of the occupational environment. The consequences translate into the appearance of diseases, stress, emotional discomfort, decreased productivity and work capacity, reduced vigilance and deterioration of the healthcare worker - patient relationship.

Conclusions. Among healthcare workers, obesity, physical inactivity, poor eating habits and drug abuse are most frequently reported. Occupational risk factors amplify the negative impact on the lifestyle of healthcare workers. Well-planned and organized actions to promote healthy lifestyles and health education will greatly reduce the morbidity rate.