THE EFFECTS OF POISONOUS GASES ON HUMAN HEALTH

Abstract

Objectives. The article discusses the issue of acute gases poisonings (carbon monoxide, ammonia, chlorine, etc.), recorded during 2016-2021. The purpose of this paper is the hygienic estimation of the effects of toxic gases on the health of the population of Republic of Moldova.

Materials and methods. A retrospective study of non-professional morbidity was carried out during 2016-2021. The primary data from statistical form 360-1/e "Register of persons with acute chemical poisoning" were used. Cases were graded by age, year and month. The study was carried out within the project "Estimation of the risk to human health attributed to exposure to priority chemical substances in the Republic of Moldova" with code 20.80009.8007.35, within the State Program for 2020-2023.

Results. During the observation period, 1888 gas poisonings were recorded, mostly caused by carbon monoxide. Annually, on average, more than 315 such poisonings are reported, and the average number of deaths is about 15 (4.7%) cases. Depending on age, toxic gases cause poisoning in 228 (72%) adults and 87 (28%) children. Most cases happened in the winter months, december, january and february. During the warm months of the year, such acute chemical poisonings involve inhalation of paint and chlorine vapors. About 90% of the cases occurred at home settings.

Conclusions. Toxic gases are a threat to public health that must be addressed and minimized. As all cases in the study were accidental cases, they could be avoided/reduced by applying prevention measures. Regardless of the toxicity of chemical products, their use requires maximum caution, not leaving containers unattended and safe handling, avoiding the presence of children.