NEGATIVE PRESSURE WOUND THERAPY – MECHANISMS OF ACTION, INDICATIONS, ADVANTAGES, PRECAUTIONS

Abstract

Introduction. The management of complex wounds has always been a challenge for physicians. There is an increase in the number of patients with wounds, which are difficult to treat by conventional methods. Thus, a new technique such as Topical Negative Pressure is useful in difficult wound healing situations and achieving equal or better results compared to conventional techniques.

Aim. Determination of the mechanism of action, indications, advantages, precautions and methodology of Topical Negative Pressure.

Material and methods. To achieve this review, publications were selected using PubMed, Google Scholar databases for assessing the importance of TNP, keywords used: wounds, Topical Negative Pressure, indications, precautions according 32 articles.

Results. Current research indicates that there are four primary mechanisms of Topical Negative Pressure: macrodeformation, microdeformation, fluid removal and wound environment control. The interaction of primary mechanisms results in side effects through cell signaling (granulation tissue formation, cell proliferation and modulation of inflammation). A better understanding of the mechanisms of action also provides insight for Topical Negative Pressure research that could create better solutions for patients with complex wounds.

Conclusion. Topical Negative Pressure it is a good purchase with favorable results in the treatment of wounds. Correct assessment of indications, contraindications and precautions are the main pillars in the success of TNP in the treatment of complex wounds – a difficult task performed by conventional methods.